Selected highlights of scientific publications, technology developments and partnerships.
SCIENCE
Enzymes knuckle down to the job
JUN-2020 Discovery of new enzymes for health, nutrition, biofuels, and other industrial biotechnological applications. Inspired by the molecular biodiversity of microorganisms this work has deepened the knowledge about new enzymatic strategies for the polysaccharides β-1,3-glucans processing, discovering a new mechanism of polysaccharide recognition and new mode of enzymatic action.
TECHNOLOGY
JUN-2020 Decarbonization of the electricity sector can benefit from straw, an underutilized sugarcane residue. This report provides an integrated and in-depth analysis of straw-based electricity in Brazil, considering technical, economic, environmental, and societal impacts. Corroborating its relevance to other sugarcane producing countries, SUCRE was a highlight in the report “South-South and Triangular Cooperation on the Bioeconomy“ presented at COP-25.
SCIENCE
JUN-2020 Sustainable biofuels are important for decarbonization of hard-to-abate sectors such as aviation, shipping and heavy-duty road transportation. The low cost of ethanol and large production capacity make it attractive to be converted into a hydrocarbon fuel, which is typically done in three steps. This work goes further and describes an economic and environmental analysis of a renewable aviation fuel obtained from a single-step catalytic process using ethanol from biomass as raw material, reducing the need for external hydrogen.
SCIENCE
MAY-2020 Quantum and classical simulations of structurally resolved proteins can further the understanding of biocatalysis in biological systems susceptible to damage by oxidants. This work provides insights on the oxidation response of bacteria cells by investigating the role of the active site and the catalytic pathways to decompose oxidants in Ohr proteins. This is relevant to the identification of inhibitors with therapeutic potential.
SCIENCE
MAY-2020 Biofuels from sugarcane residues require yeasts to metabolize pentoses from xylose and to operate at mild conditions. This is a challenge to enzymatic conversion of xylose to xylulose that can be addressed by reversible changes of enzyme configurations. This work reports two new and unique xylose isomerases with amino-acid substitutions in the catalytic interface and preference for isomerization at milder conditions. Molecular understanding of enzymes can contribute to customization of fermentation processes.
TECHNOLOGY
MAY-2020 Brazil can further reduce greenhouse gas emissions by significantly increasing renewable electricity generated from biomass. This is due to environmental legislation that has progressively prohibited burning before sugarcane harvesting and led to high availability of straw. This work integrates both agricultural and industrial models to provide techno-economic assessments that can enable retrofit investments in existing biorefineries. It highlights the strong dependence on electricity prices of straw recovery projects.
SCIENCE
MAY-2020 Sustainable biofuels are important for decarbonization of light-vehicle road transportation. Synthetic biology was used to develop a microbial platform for cellulase production to reduce the cost of cellulosic ethanol production. This work describes a Brazilian technology validated at industrial operating conditions, which employs rational design of a public domain strain for cellulosic on-site manufacture of enzymes for ethanol production from sugarcane residues.
SCIENCE
Structural insights into β-1,3-glucan cleavage by a glycoside hydrolase family
MAY-2020 Discovery of new enzymes for health, nutrition, biofuels, and other industrial biotechnological applications. Inspired by the molecular biodiversity of microorganisms this work has deepened the knowledge about new enzymatic strategies for the polysaccharides β-1,3-glucans processing, discovering a new mechanism of polysaccharide recognition and new mode of enzymatic action.
TECHNOLOGY
MAR-2020 Sustainable biofuels are important for decarbonization of light-vehicle road transportation. Hydrothermal pre-treatment is considered one of the most promising technologies for cellulosic ethanol production. This review provides comprehensive information on hydrothermal pretreatment, including performance at semi-industrial scale (LNBR pilot plant) and discusses integrated process design.
PARTNERSHIP
MAR-2020 Enzymes can improve digestibility of mannan oligosaccharides present in cattle diets. Thus, cattle rumen contains a microbial community highly adapted to breakdown of lignocellulosic biomass. This work, with a partnering company, indicates a novel, complex and cooperative mechanism between enzyme subsites and ancillary domain to modulate substrate preference. It furthers the molecular understanding of substrate binding and recognition in the GH26 family and exhibits potential industrial use.
TECHNOLOGY
Comparison of Biofuel Life Cycle Analysis Tools
SEP-2019 Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool to assess the environmental impacts of a product. LCA model differences challenge credibility of individual evaluations applied to greenhouse gas mitigation targets. This work, in partnership with the International Energy Agency, compares greenhouse gas emissions for cellulosic ethanol production using internationally accepted LCA models from Brazil, Canada, USA and the EU. It provides recommendations to promote transparency and harmonization of LCA models.
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